Convert a Sole Proprietorship to a Corporation Lawyer

Incorporating a business can offer liability protection, tax benefits, and credibility - an important decision with many advantages.

Transitioning from a Sole Proprietorship to a Corporation with a corporate lawyer

Moving from a sole proprietorship to a corporation is an important decision that can bring various advantages, such as limited liability protection, tax benefits, and increased credibility. At HMD Lawyers, we recognize that changing your business structure may feel overwhelming, but with proper guidance, the process can be straightforward and beneficial.

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Our Business Incorporation Services

Quebec Incorporation

Federal Incorporation

Professional Corporation

Non-Profit Incorporation

Corporate Maintenance

Corporate Resolutions

Minute Book Creation

Tax Registration

What are the main differences between sole proprietorships and incorporations in Canada?

Sole proprietorships are simple to establish with minimal formalities, while  incorporations involve a more complex process with specific legal requirements. Ownership in sole proprietorships is held by one person and corporations have structured ownership with shareholders and directors. Additionally, taxation, reporting obligations, and business continuity differ significantly among these two structures.

Why should small business owners consider transitioning from a sole proprietorship to a corporation?

Transitioning from a sole proprietorship to a corporation can be a crucial move for small business owners aiming for sustainable success. This shift offers several advantages:

  1. Limited Liability Protection: Incorporating creates a separate legal entity, protecting personal assets from business liabilities and legal disputes.

  2. Access to Capital and Growth Opportunities: Corporations can raise funds by issuing shares, making it easier to attract investors and secure loans, facilitating expansion and new projects.

  3. Tax Advantages: Corporations often benefit from favorable tax treatment and can implement tax planning strategies, potentially reducing the overall tax burden.

  4. Perpetual Existence: Unlike sole proprietorships, corporations continue to exist independently of the owner’s status, allowing for easier transfer of ownership without disrupting operations.

What is the process for converting a sole proprietorship into an incorporated company?

To transform your personal business into an incorporated company, we adhere to a two-step process:

  1. We dissolve your sole proprietorship, effectively closing your personal business.
  2. We then incorporate a new company for you, either at the provincial level (in Quebec) or federally.
 

What happens to my sole proprietorship during the conversion process?

As part of the conversion process, we dissolve your sole proprietorship, meaning it is permanently shut down.

How long does it take to dissolve a sole proprietorship and incorporate a new business?

Dissolving your sole proprietorship typically takes 24 hours. Once that is completed, we initiate the incorporation process. For a provincial business, it usually takes around 24 hours for the incorporation to be reflected in the Quebec Corporate Registry. In the case of a federal business, it may take between 24 to 48 hours for it to appear in the Federal Corporate Registry. Additionally, our firm generally requires two to three business days to prepare your minute book.

 

Can I keep the same business name when I incorporate my sole proprietorship?

Yes, you can retain the same business name as your sole proprietorship. However, you will need to include a legal designation in your business name, such as Inc., Corporation, Limited, or Corp.

What are the advantages of paying myself a salary versus dividends from my corporation?

If you draw a salary from the corporation, you’ll be making contributions that provide social benefits such as pensions and maternity/paternity leave. This can be beneficial if you plan to have children in the future.

Conversely, if you choose to pay yourself in dividends, you only incur taxes on the distributed amount and won’t have to make contributions. This allows any surplus capital in the corporation to be reinvested.

Can I add a business partner to my newly incorporated company if they weren't part of my sole proprietorship?

Yes, you can bring a business partner into your newly incorporated company, even if they were not involved in your previous sole proprietorship.

Why is it important to have a partnership agreement if I have a business partner?

Yes, if you have a business partner, it’s essential to have a partnership agreement to safeguard both parties and the partnership itself. We recommend checking our partnership agreement page for more details.

Do I need a lawyer to incorporate my business?

Yes, the incorporation process involves creating several legal documents, so it’s advisable to have a lawyer prepare them for you.

Why Choose HMD Avocats?

We provide expert corporate and business law services, delivered by top Quebec lawyers with a focus on precision and detail. Our meticulous approach ensures every case is handled with care, achieving successful outcomes for clients. Accessible online from anywhere, we offer competitive rates and transparency with no hidden fees. We proudly serve businesses across Quebec, including in:

  • Montreal
  • Quebec City
  • Sherbrooke
  • Gatineau
  • Laval
  • Longueuil
  • Salaberry-de-Valleyfield
  • Brossard
  • Terrebone
  • Pointe-Claire
  • Boucherville
  • Vaudreuil-Dorion
  • Dollard-des-Ormeaux
  • Trois-Rivières
  • Granby
  • Saguenay
  • Drummondville
  • Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu
  • Saint-Jérôme
  • Sorel-Tracy
  • Saint-Eustache

FAQ

What is the difference between incorporating a business and registering it?

A registered or sole proprietorship business is one where you are the sole owner and there is no legal distinction between you and your business. This means you are personally liable for all profits and losses. It is the most straightforward and cost-effective way to start a business.

In contrast, incorporation establishes a more complex legal structure. It creates a separate legal entity distinct from its owners. This separation protects the personal assets of the shareholders from the company’s financial risks.

What are the benefits of incorporating a business?

The advantages of incorporating a business vary based on individual goals, but some common benefits include: potentially lower tax rates compared to sole proprietorships, easier access to financing and capital, opportunities for business growth and expansion, reduced personal financial risk for shareholders, continuation of the business beyond the owner’s departure or death.

What are the key differences between federal and provincial incorporation?

The choice between federal and provincial incorporation largely depends on your business goals and future plans. If your business will be confined to Quebec, provincial incorporation is usually the best option. However, if you intend to operate across Canada or internationally, federal incorporation might be more suitable. This decision affects various legal and regulatory aspects. For instance, federal incorporation requires that at least 25% of the company’s directors be Canadian residents, whereas Quebec does not impose such residency requirements. Additionally, a company incorporated in Quebec must ensure that its name complies with the French Language Charter, which is not a requirement for federal incorporation.

What is the difference between Canada Inc and Québec Inc ?

The Quebec Business Corporations Act requires corporations to have their head office located in Quebec, while the Canada Business Corporations Act permits companies to set up their head office anywhere in Canada.

Is it more advantageous to incorporate federally or provincially in Canada?

Federal incorporation offers benefits like the ability to operate across borders, protection for your business name, and easier share transfers. On the other hand, provincial incorporation can be a more affordable and simpler choice for small businesses that operate primarily in a local market.

What income level should prompt me to incorporate in Canada?

There isn’t a specific income threshold for incorporating in Quebec or in Canada. The decision to incorporate depends on your business profits and the amount you need to withdraw for personal expenses.

What is a corporation minute book, and why is it important?

A minute book serves as a comprehensive and permanent record of a corporation’s regulations, activities, and decisions. It includes corporate resolutions, minutes from meetings, a roster of shareholders and board members, a securities registry, and shareholder certificates. This book outlines key corporate roles and who is authorized to act on behalf of the corporation. In accordance with Quebec and Canadian law, minute books are required and must be kept accessible at the corporation’s headquarters.

What is the difference between a salary and a dividend in a corporation?

A salary is a regular payment given to an employee for their work and services. In contrast, a dividend is a share of the company’s profits distributed to its shareholders. Profits generated by a corporation can either be reinvested in the business or paid out as dividends to shareholders.

Team at HMD Avocats

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